Effects of Moderate- to High-Impact Exercise Training on Bone Structure Across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors' conclusion
Impact exercise may have beneficial effects on bone structure and vBMD at various skeletal sites
Study context
- Population
- Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) across the lifespan (children/adolescents <18 years, adults 18–50 years, postmenopausal women, older men); bone volumetric BMD (vBMD) and structure by quantitative CT or MRI at tibia, radius, lumbar spine and femur; 4 databases searched up to March 2022
- Participants
- 2,985 participants28 RCTs
- Comparison
- Moderate- to high-impact exercise vs sham or habitual activity
- Outcome
- Percentage changes in vBMD and bone structure
Methodological detailsrandom effects meta-analyses, subgroup analyses
- Random effects meta-analyses
- Subgroup analyses
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Percentage change in bone variables, all studies
Impact exercise vs Sham or habitual activityMD, % (95% CI)
Trabecular vBMD, distal tibia
0.54(0.17–0.90)
Total vBMD, proximal femur
3.11(1.07–5.14)
Cortical thickness, mid/proximal radius
1.78(0.21–3.36)
Further pooled results
| Outcome | MD (%) (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Mid/proximal tibia cortical vBMD (adults subgroup) | −0.20 (−0.24 to −0.15) | |
| Distal tibia trabecular vBMD (postmenopausal women subgroup) | 0.79 (0.32–1.25) | |
| −0.500.511.5Difference, % (linear scale) |
Bone parameters (children/adolescents and older men subgroups)
- No effect on bone parameters in children/adolescents in overall analyses
- Insufficient studies in older men to perform meta-analyses
Original publication
Effects of Moderate- to High-Impact Exercise Training on Bone Structure Across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Bone Miner Res. Published 4 September 2023. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →