Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using continuous glucose monitoring metrics
Authors' conclusion
CGM-derived metrics show good performance in predicting GDM and potential for earlier detection of adverse pregnancy glycemic profiles.
Study context
- Population
- Pregnant participants with ≥ 3 days of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data at 18–24 weeks' gestation who underwent 75-g OGTT at 24–28 weeks, multi-ethnic prospective cohort30 (18 %) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cases
- Participants
- 167 participants
- Exposure
- CGM-derived metrics at 18–24 weeks for predicting GDM
- Outcome
- Predictive performance of CGM metrics for GDM (AUROC)
- Follow-up
- OGTT at 24-28 weeks
Methodological detailsmulti-ethnic, prediction study, 20 repetitions of 5-fold cross-validation, cut-points by Youden's index
- Multi-ethnic
- Prediction study
- 20 repetitions of 5-fold cross-validation
- Cut-points by Youden's index
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Prediction of GDM (AUROC)
| Group | Value | Cut-point | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| %TA7.8 | AUROC 0.862 (95% CI 0.780–0.945) | 1.23 % | 0.800 | 0.847 |
| Hyper-GRI | AUROC 0.862 (CI 0.779–0.945) | 0.79 | 0.767 | 0.883 |
Value
%TA7.8AUROC 0.862 (95% CI 0.780–0.945)
Hyper-GRIAUROC 0.862 (CI 0.779–0.945)
Cut-point
%TA7.81.23 %
Hyper-GRI0.79
Sensitivity
%TA7.80.800
Hyper-GRI0.767
Specificity
%TA7.80.847
Hyper-GRI0.883
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
AUROC by BMI subgroup
- BMI < 23 kg/m² (n = 89): AUROC range
- 0.813-0.882
- BMI ≥ 23 kg/m² (n = 78): AUROC range
- 0.657-0.756
AUROC by ethnicity
- Non-Chinese (n = 25): SD performed best, AUROC
- 0.845
- Chinese (n = 142): %TA7.8 and J-index AUROC > 0.80
AUROC adding CGM metric to model with maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, job status, ethnicity, history of GDM, family history of DM
- Base model
- 0.642
- + %TA7.8
- 0.895
- + Hyper-GRI
- 0.867
- + J-index
- 0.877
- + SD
- 0.868
- + mean-amplitude-of-glucose-excursions (MAGE)
- 0.848
Original publication
Prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using continuous glucose monitoring metrics. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 4 December 2025. doi:10.
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