Prediction of cardiovascular events by skin auto-fluorescence: the DIABAGE follow-up study
Authors' conclusion
SAF level is higher in people living with T1D who will present CVEs. Furthermore, SAF threshold of 2.2 predicted the occurrence of CVE. If these results are confirmed, SAF could be a useful marker in cardiovascular risk stratification in T1D.
Study context
- Population
- T1D patients with ≥10 years history of diabetes; 53 % women, mean age 47.7 ± 15.9 years, mean diabetes duration 26.4 ± 12.2 years, median HbA1c 7.7 % (7.3–8.7)
- Participants
- 179 patients
- Exposure
- Skin auto-fluorescence (SAF) ≥ vs < optimum threshold 2.2 for prediction of cardiovascular events (CVEs)
- Incident CVEsn = 24
- Outcome
- Incident cardiovascular events (CVEs) predicted by baseline SAF
- Follow-up
- Median 7.4 years (6.85 - 7.7)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Baseline SAF level
Incident CVEs
2.7
median · IQR 2.3–3.1
No CVEs
2.1
median · IQR 1.8–2.6
- Optimum SAF threshold (ROC) to differentiate patients with or without incident CVEs
- 2.2
- CVE predicted by optimum SAF threshold, unadjusted model (HR)
- 6.46
- CVE predicted by optimum SAF threshold, after adjustment with different models (HR)
- 3.15-5.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Prediction of cardiovascular events by skin auto-fluorescence: the DIABAGE follow-up study. Diabetes Metab. Published 23 June 2025. doi:10.
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