Planetary health diet, other plant-based diets and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study from the UK Biobank
Main finding · T2DResult — go to the resultMultivariable-adjusted HR 0.57 95% CI 0.50–0.64Authors' conclusion
In this large cohort of British adults, higher adherence to the PHDI was associated with a substantially lower risk of type 2 diabetes, with effect sizes comparable to or greater than those observed for other well-known PBDs. These findings support the promotion of the PHDI and PBDs as an environmentally sustainable choice with potential to reduce type 2 diabetes risk.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged 40–69 years from the UK Biobank free of T2D and CVD at baseline (2009–2012), followed until 20212,666 T2D cases
- Participants
- 112,032 adults
- Exposure
- Highest vs lowest quartile of Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) adherence
- Outcome
- Incident T2D
- Follow-up
- median 9.4-year follow-up
Methodological detailsUK Biobank
- UK Biobank
Main finding
T2D
Multivariable-adjusted HR
0.57
95% CI 0.50–0.64
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
T2D risk, highest vs lowest quartile of other plant-based diets (PBD) scores (multivariable-adjusted) · median 9.4-year follow-up
- aMED, highest vs lowest quartile: HR
- 0.70 (0.62, 0.78) (95% CI)
- hPDI, highest vs lowest quartile: HR
- 0.64 (0.57, 0.72) (95% CI)
- Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), highest vs lowest quartile: HR
- 0.58 (0.51, 0.65) (95% CI)
- Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010), highest vs lowest quartile: HR
- 0.59 (0.53, 0.67) (95% CI)
Further adjustment for BMI (PHDI)
- Attenuation of the association
- 13-19%
Food components
- High consumption of vegetables and fish, and limited intake of red/processed meats and added sugars associated with reduced T2D risk
Original publication
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