Physical and psychosocial complications faced by postmenopausal women with type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional BETTER analysis
Authors' conclusion
Postmenopausal women with T1D showed less favourable physical and psychosocial health profiles than premenopausal women
Study context
- Population
- Women aged 40–60 years with T1D from the BETTER registry
- Participants
- 211 women
- Exposure
- Postmenopausal vs premenopausal women with T1D
- Postmenopausaln = 90
- Premenopausaln = 121reference
- Outcome
- Physical complications, diabetes management and psychosocial outcomes
Methodological detailsoverlap weighting, registry-based
- Overlap weighting
- Registry-based
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs premenopausalEstimate (95% CI)
Postmenopausal
RR (CVD) 3.31(1.07–10.23)
Postmenopausal
RR (neuropathy) 2.22(1.17–4.21)
Postmenopausal
RR (retinopathy) 2.20(1.15–4.23)
Postmenopausal
RR (falls) 2.64(1.73–4.03)
Postmenopausal
RR (moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms) 1.48(1.01–2.17)
Postmenopausal
RR (antihypertensive prescriptions) 0.57(0.38–0.84)
Postmenopausal
RR (lipid-lowering prescriptions) 0.68(0.54–0.86)
Postmenopausal
RR (elevated diabetes distress) 0.80(0.68–0.95)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Physical and psychosocial complications faced by postmenopausal women with type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional BETTER analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 4 August 2026. doi:10.
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