Oral magnesium supplementation does not affect insulin sensitivity in people with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes and a low serum magnesium: a randomised controlled trial
Authors' conclusion
Despite an albeit modest increase in serum magnesium concentration, oral magnesium supplementation does not improve insulin sensitivity in people with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes and low magnesium levels.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with insulin-treated T2D (age ≥18 years, BMI 18–40 kg/m², HbA1c <100 mmol/mol [11.3%], serum magnesium ≤0.79 mmol/l); 50% women, mean age 67±6 yearscrossover
- Participants
- 14 adults
- Comparison
- Oral magnesium supplementation for 6 weeks vs matched placebo
- Primary endpoint
- M value: mean glucose infusion rate during the final 30 min of a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp
Methodological detailsdouble-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, block randomisation, Recruited from the outpatient clinic and through advertisements
- Double-blind
- Placebo-controlled
- Crossover
- Block randomisation
- Recruited from the outpatient clinic and through advertisements
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
M value of the glucose clamp
P = 0.108
Secondary outcomes
Serum magnesium
P = 0.016
HDL-C · 6 weeks · lower with magnesium
P = 0.026
Mean
| Outcome | Magnesium | Placebo | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urinary magnesium excretion (magnesium/creatinine ratio) | 0.23 (SE 0.02) | 0.15 (SE 0.02) | P = 0.005 |
CGM outcomes, HbA1c, insulin dose, lipid profile and BP · 6 weeks
- Did not differ between magnesium and placebo
Safety
Hypomagnesaemia-related symptoms
- Similar for both treatment arms
Original publication
Oral magnesium supplementation does not affect insulin sensitivity in people with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes and a low serum magnesium: a randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia. Published 3 November 2023. doi:10.
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