Optimal screening practices for diabetic retinopathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review to inform global screening guidance
Authors' conclusion
Findings support current recommendations for screening initiation
Study context
- Population
- Individuals aged <20 years with T1D; observational and interventional studies, databases searched 1995–202462 studies · >200,000 participants
- Comparison
- Mydriatic vs non-mydriatic DR screening
- Outcome
- Prevalence of DR
Methodological detailsRisk of bias assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools
- Risk of bias assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Mean study prevalence of DR
9.5%
Further pooled results
DR detection by screening method
HbA1c and DR
- Higher HbA1c (≥9%) associated with increased DR prevalence
Screening intervals
- Studies reporting screening intervals, all from high-income countries
- 6
Sight-threatening DR
- Rare and largely confined to older adolescents with longer diabetes duration
Study designs
- No RCTs or direct comparisons of screening strategies identified
Original publication
Optimal screening practices for diabetic retinopathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review to inform global screening guidance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 29 June 2026. doi:10.
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