Is diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes associated with secondary episodes of ketoacidosis? A nationwide longitudinal study of Swedish children from 2012 to 2019
Main finding · Another DKA episode during established diabetesResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 0.77 95 % CI 0.41–1.51Authors' conclusion
DKA at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes does not predict further episodes of DKA. Adverse social determinants of health likely predict long-term increased risk of DKA episodes.
Study context
- Population
- Children aged 9 months to < 18 years with T1D in Sweden, January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2019
- Participants
- 4,523 children
- Exposure
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at T1D diagnosis vs no DKA at diagnosis
- DKA at diagnosisn = 909
- Outcome
- Risk of future DKA episodes (pH < 7.30) during established diabetes
Methodological detailsnational, Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for sex, age, disposable income and parental education level
- National
- Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for sex, age, disposable income and parental education level
Main finding
Another DKA episode during established diabetes
Hazard ratio
0.77
95 % CI 0.41–1.51
P = 0.46
DKA at diagnosisvs No DKA at diagnosis
HR 0.77 (95 % CI 0.41–1.51); P = 0.46
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
- Low parental education level and low household income were independent predictors of DKA during established diabetes
Original publication
Is diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes associated with secondary episodes of ketoacidosis? A nationwide longitudinal study of Swedish children from 2012 to 2019. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 26 May 2025. doi:10.
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