Interoceptive Awareness Moderates the Relationship Between Hypoglycemia Exposure and Symptom Recognition in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Interoceptive awareness moderated the association between hypoglycemia exposure and glycemic threshold for symptom recognition. Research is needed to examine whether interventions can improve interoceptive awareness and, thereby, restore awareness of hypoglycemia.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T1D providing validated surveys (MAIA-2; Hypoglycemia Awareness Questionnaire Symptom Level subscale) and 30-day CGM data; 94% White, 52% female, mean age 44 (SD 15) years, diabetes duration 25 (15) years, 17% with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH)
- Participants
- 717 adults
- Outcome
- Moderation by interoceptive awareness (MAIA-2 Attention Regulation score) of the association between hypoglycemia exposure (%-time <60 mg/dL) and glycemic threshold for autonomic symptom recognition (symptom level)
Methodological detailsproportional odds logistic regression, adjusted for covariates
- Proportional odds logistic regression
- Adjusted for covariates
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Higher hypoglycemia exposure associated with lower symptom levels: OR
0.45
95% CI 0.31, 0.66P < 0.001
Interoceptive awareness alone not associated with symptom level: OR
0.93
95% CI 0.78, 1.12
Higher interoceptive awareness attenuated the association between hypoglycemia exposure and symptom level (interaction): OR
1.14
95% CI 1.01, 1.27P < 0.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
30-day hypoglycemia exposure (%-time <60 mg/dL)
- %-time <60 mg/dL
- 0.8 (1.4%)
- min/day
- 11.5 [20.2]
Original publication
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