Hyperbaric oxygen rapidly improves tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial capacity in humans with type 2 diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial
Authors' conclusion
HBO-mediated improvement of insulin sensitivity likely results from decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased mitochondrial capacity, possibly leading to low-dose reactive oxygen species-mediated mitohormesis in humans with type 2 diabetes.
Study context
- Population
- Men with T2D, age 18–75 years, BMI <35 kg/m², HbA1c 42–75 mmol/mol [6–9%], German Diabetes Centercrossover
- Participants
- 12 men
- Comparison
- 2-h hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) with 100% oxygen vs 21% oxygen, both at 240 kPa
- Primary endpoint
- Whole-body glucose disposal (insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp)
Methodological detailsplacebo-controlled, crossover, blinded participants and outcome assessors, single-centre
- Placebo-controlled
- Crossover
- Blinded participants and outcome assessors
- Single-centre
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Whole-body, hepatic and WAT insulin sensitivity
- HBO vs CON: P < 0.05 vs CON
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Hepatic γ-ATP and mitochondrial respiratory control | P < 0.05 vs CON |
| Myocellular insulin signalling and ER stress | P < 0.05 vs CON |
- Hepatic γ-ATP and mitochondrial respiratory control: hepatic γ-ATP doubled; respiratory control doubled in skeletal muscle, tripled in white adipose tissue (WAT) with HBO
- Myocellular insulin signalling and ER stress: HBO increased insulin-stimulated Akt serine-473/threonine-308 phosphorylation, decreased basal inhibitory IRS-1 serine-1101 phosphorylation and ER stress
Fasting blood glucose
- HBO decreased fasting blood glucose
- 19%
Original publication
Hyperbaric oxygen rapidly improves tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial capacity in humans with type 2 diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial. Diabetologia. Published 30 September 2022. doi:10.
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