Gynecomastia and Its Management In Boys With Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome
Authors' conclusion
Gynecomastia is common in PAIS but not universal. Surgical management may be more effective than medical therapy, but there is a need for further standardized and systematic studies.
Study context
- Population
- Males with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) over the age of 10 years in the I-DSD registry205 eligible
- Participants
- 57 males
- Exposure
- Surgery vs medical therapy for gynecomastia
- Surgeryn = 25
- Outcome
- Gynecomastia in genetically confirmed PAIS
Methodological detailsI-DSD registry, 13 centres
- I-DSD registry
- 13 centres
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Gynecomastia present (of 45 genetically confirmed)
41
91%
Median age at gynecomastia development
13.5 years
11.0, 29.0
No gynecomastia; median age at last assessment
4 (9%); 15.7 years (10.6, 17.0)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Median
| Outcome | Surgery | Medical therapy | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinician score of effectiveness | 10 (range 3–10) | 3 (range 1–8) | P < 0.0001 |
Management of gynecomastia (35 with information)
- Spontaneous resolution between ages 15 and 21 years
- 2 (6%)
- Breast surgery; median age 15.7 years (14.0, 23.0)
- 25 (71%)
- Medical therapy before surgery (of 25)
- 9 (26%)
Other findings
- AR gene variant confirmed
- 45 (79%)
- Micropenis at gynecomastia development (of 30)
- 23 (77%)
- Psychology support (of 31)
- 13 (42%)
Original publication
Gynecomastia and Its Management In Boys With Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 30 August 2024. doi:10.
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