Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and risk of thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Pooled result · Overall thyroid cancerResult — go to the resultMH-OR 1.52 95% CI 1.01–2.29Authors' conclusion
Our meta-analysis showed that GLP-1RA treatment could be associated with a moderate increase in relative risk for thyroid cancer in clinical trials, with a small increase in absolute risk. Studies of longer duration are required to assess the clinical implications of this finding.
Study context
- Population
- Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing a GLP-1 RA with any comparator, lasting ≥52 weeks, reporting adverse events independently of principal endpoint and population64 trials
- Comparison
- GLP-1 RA vs any comparator
- Outcome
- Overall thyroid cancer
Methodological detailsRCTs lasting at least 52 weeks
- RCTs lasting at least 52 weeks
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
MH-OR
1.52
95% CI 1.01–2.29
P = 0.04
GLP-1RAvs Comparator
MH-OR 1.52 (95% CI 1.01–2.29); P = 0.04
- Fragility index
- 1
- 5-year NNH
- 1349
Further pooled results
Overall thyroid cancer, trials lasting ≥104 weeks
- Association remained significant: MH-OR (95% CI 1.00, 3.12); P = 0.05
- 1.76
Papillary thyroid cancer
- No significant association: MH-OR (95% CI 0.77, 3.06); P = 0.22
- 1.54
Medullary thyroid cancer
- No significant association: MH-OR (95% CI 0.23, 9.16); P = 0.55
- 1.44
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and risk of thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 29 November 2023. doi:10.
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