Fetal Growth Trajectories and Measures of Insulin Resistance in Young Adults
Authors' conclusion
Restricted fetal HC and AC from early pregnancy are associated with higher relative insulin resistance in the offspring during adulthood. These data strengthen our understanding of the importance of the intrauterine environment and its effect on the risk of predisposition to adult diabetes and related metabolic disorders.
Study context
- Population
- Mother-fetal pairs and offspring young adults in the Raine Study, an Australian pregnancy cohort; Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) at 20, 22 and 27 yearsHOMA-IR at 20 414 · 22 385 · 27 431
- Participants
- 1,333 mother-fetal pairs
- Exposure
- Fetal growth trajectory groups vs average-stable reference
- Outcome
- Offspring HOMA-IR as a marker of diabetes risk
- Follow-up
- 20, 22 and 27 years
Methodological detailsserial ultrasound-derived fetal growth trajectories, linear mixed modeling, adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, adult lifestyle factors and maternal factors during pregnancy
- Serial ultrasound-derived fetal growth trajectories
- Linear mixed modeling
- Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, adult lifestyle factors and maternal factors during pregnancy
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Adult HOMA-IR vs average-stable reference
- Low-falling abdominal circumference (AC) · higher with low-falling AC
- higher adult HOMA-IR 26%; P = 0.005
- Low head circumference (HC) · first of 2 low HC trajectories; higher with low HC
- higher adult HOMA-IR 20%; P = 0.006%
- Low HC · second of 2 low HC trajectories; higher with low HC
- higher adult HOMA-IR 8%; P = 0.021
- High-stable femur length (FL) · lower with high-stable FL
- lower adult HOMA-IR 12%; P = 0.002
- Rising HC · lower with rising HC
- lower adult HOMA-IR 9%; P = 0.021
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Fetal Growth Trajectories and Measures of Insulin Resistance in Young Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 29 January 2023. doi:10.
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