Fast‐food environments and BMI changes in the Dutch adult general population: the Lifelines cohort
Authors' conclusion
Fast-food outlet exposure was identified as a potentially important determinant of BMI and BMI change. Young adults, especially those with a medium or high genetic predisposition, had a higher BMI when exposed to fast-food outlets.
Study context
- Population
- Dutch adult general population, Lifelines cohort; residential addresses geocoded to fast-food outlet register (LISA); BMI measured objectively103,050 at follow-up
- Participants
- 141,973 participants
- Exposure
- Fast-food outlets within 1 km of residence vs none
- Outcome
- BMI (cross-sectional) and BMI change (longitudinal)
- Follow-up
- baseline and 4-year follow-up
Methodological detailscross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, multivariable multilevel linear regression, exposure-moderator interactions
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
- Multivariable multilevel linear regression
- Exposure-moderator interactions
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
BMI and BMI change
B
0.17
95% CI 0.09–0.25
≥1 fast-food outlet within 1 km · baseline BMI; higher with ≥1 outlet
B
0.06
95% CI 0.02–0.09
≥2 fast-food outlets within 1 km · BMI change; greater increase with ≥2 outlets
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Baseline BMI, young adults (age 18-29 years)
- Effect of fast-food outlet exposure on baseline BMI, young adults
- 0.35 [0.10 to 0.59] (B [95% CI])
- Young adults with medium BMI genetic risk score
- 0.57 [−0.02 to 1.16] (B [95% CI])
- Young adults with high BMI genetic risk score
- 0.46 [−0.24 to 1.16] (B [95% CI])
- Genetic subsample: BMI n = 44,996; BMI change n = 36,684
Original publication
Fast‐food environments and BMI changes in the Dutch adult general population: the Lifelines cohort. Obesity (Silver Spring). Published 11 July 2023. doi:10.
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