Emotional distress and cardiovascular disease risk among participants enrolled in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) study
Authors' conclusion
Depressive symptoms, particularly cognitive-affective symptoms, are associated with increased 10-year predicted ASCVD risk among adults with early T2DM. Diabetes distress is not significantly associated with the predicted ASCVD risk when accounting for covariates.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T2D in GRADE; 54% non-Latino White, 18% Latino, 19% non-Latino Black, 66% male, mean age 57.5 (SD 10.25) years, diabetes duration 4.2 (SD 2.8) years, HbA1c 7.5% (SD 0.5%)
- Participants
- 1,605 adults
- Exposure
- Depressive symptoms and diabetes distress vs estimated 10-year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk
- Outcome
- Estimated 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk (ASCVD risk score)
- Follow-up
- Baseline
Methodological detailsGRADE Emotional Distress Substudy, linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, diabetes duration, complications and HbA1c
- GRADE Emotional Distress Substudy
- Linear regression
- Adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, diabetes duration, complications and HbA1c
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Association of depressive symptoms with ASCVD risk
Depressive symptoms (especially cognitive-affective) associated with ASCVD risk, adjusted: estimate (95% CI 0.04, 0.025 as printed), p = 0.006
0.15
Higher depressive symptoms associated with higher ASCVD risk, adjusted incl. diabetes distress: estimate (95% CI 0.07, 0.30), p = 0.002
0.19
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Emotional distress and cardiovascular disease risk among participants enrolled in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 30 June 2023. doi:10.
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