Effects of pioglitazone with and without exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness and oxygen uptake kinetics in type 2 diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Although PO improved glycaemic control, it did not enhance aerobic exercise capacity or V̇O2 kinetics. Moreover, in combination with exercise training, PIO did not provide additional benefits beyond those achieved through exercise alone.
Study context
- Population
- Male participants with T2D
- Participants
- 12 / 6 / 13 / 7
- Comparison
- Pioglitazone (PIO) alone, exercise training alone, or PIO combined with exercise vs non-exercising control
- Control (CON)n = 12reference
- PIOn = 6
- EXCn = 13
- PIO + EXCn = 7
- Outcome
- V̇O2peak (incremental cycling) and τV̇O2p during submaximal exercise
- Follow-up
- Pre- and post-intervention (12 weeks)
Methodological detailsfour-group, 12 weeks
- Four-group
- 12 weeks
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
12 weeks
EXC: V̇O2peak increased (p < 0.05), L·min-1
2.44 ± 0.38 to 2.73 ± 0.42
EXC: τV̇O2p decreased (p < 0.01), s
42.7 ± 6.2 to 34.3 ± 7.2
PIO + EXC: V̇O2peak increased (p < 0.05), L·min-1
2.66 ± 0.43 to 2.88 ± 0.42
PIO + EXC: τV̇O2p decreased (p < 0.01), s
40.3 ± 10.6 to 32.7 ± 8.3
Further findings
HbA1c
- Reductions in HbA1c in PIO and PIO + EXC (p < 0.01)
Systemic cardiovascular dynamics (mean arterial pressure, cardiac output)
- Neither exercise nor PIO altered systemic cardiovascular dynamics
Original publication
Effects of pioglitazone with and without exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness and oxygen uptake kinetics in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 30 July 2025. doi:10.
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