Does sex modify the effect of pre-pandemic body mass index on the risk of Long COVID? Evidence from the longitudinal analysis of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
Authors' conclusion
Sex differences appear to play an important role in the relationship between BMI and risk of Long COVID. Overall, females were more likely to have Long COVID, regardless of their BMI. Males at the higher end of the BMI spectrum had a lower risk of Long COVID as opposed to their female counterparts. Sex-specific research is recommended for better understanding of Long COVID risk factors.
Study context
- Population
- Respondents aged 50 years and older from 27 European countries in the 2020 and 2021 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe's (SHARE) Corona Surveys and Waves 7 and 8 of the main SHARE survey
- Participants
- 4,004 respondents
- Exposure
- Sex differences in the relationship between pre-pandemic body mass index (BMI) and Long COVID
- Outcome
- Probability of Long COVID by BMI
Methodological detailslongitudinal, 27 European countries, logistic regression, unadjusted and adjusted
- Longitudinal
- 27 European countries
- Logistic regression, unadjusted and adjusted
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Females: linear relationship, probability of Long COVID increasing with BMI; at BMI = 18
- 68%
- Females: at BMI = 45
- 93%
- Males: non-linear relationship; at BMI = 18
- 27%
- Males: at BMI = 33
- 68%
- Males: at BMI = 45
- 40%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Does sex modify the effect of pre-pandemic body mass index on the risk of Long COVID? Evidence from the longitudinal analysis of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Int J Obes (Lond). Published 29 January 2024. doi:10.
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