Differential effects of lifestyle interventions on continuous glucose monitoring metrics in persons with type 2 diabetes: Potential for personalised treatment
Authors' conclusion
Traditional lifestyle interventions improved CGM metrics within 4 days. Preliminary analysis suggests the effects may vary depending on the diabetes phenotype.
Study context
- Population
- Persons with T2D wearing a CGM for 11 self-monitoring periods of 4 days; diabetes subtypes ('diabetypes') assigned from OGTT-derived tissue-specific insulin resistance and beta-cell function
- Participants
- 40 persons
- Comparison
- Low carbohydrate diet, Mediterranean diet, walking after meals and active day vs control periods
- Outcome
- Effects of lifestyle on CGM metrics
- Follow-up
- 4-day periods
Methodological detailsrandomised order of intervention periods, duplicated 4-day intervention periods, linear mixed effects model
- Randomised order of intervention periods
- Duplicated 4-day intervention periods
- Linear mixed effects model
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Mean glucose
Control
8.73
CI 8.02–9.44 · mmol/L
Each group vs controlDifference, mmol/L (CI)
Low carbohydrate diet
−0.95(−1.13 to −0.77)
Walking after meals
−0.28(−0.46 to −0.1)
Active day
−0.2(−0.38 to −0.02)
Mediterranean dietdid not result in lower mean glucose
−0.13(−0.13 to 0.05)
Further findings
- Preliminary analysis suggests the magnitude and direction of effects may vary between diabetypes
Original publication
Differential effects of lifestyle interventions on continuous glucose monitoring metrics in persons with type 2 diabetes: Potential for personalised treatment. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 25 July 2025. doi:10.
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