Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids Intake and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With Prediabetes and Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Increased dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs, particularly ALA and DPA, was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause and CV mortality among Americans with prediabetes and diabetes.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with prediabetes and diabetes, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003 to 2018
- Participants
- 16,539 patients
- Exposure
- Tertiles of dietary n-3 PUFA intake
- Outcome
- All-cause and CV mortality
- Follow-up
- Median 8.42 years
Methodological detailsNHANES 2003 to 2018, multivariable-adjusted Cox regression, restricted cubic spline, weighted quantile sum models
- NHANES 2003 to 2018
- Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression
- Restricted cubic spline
- Weighted quantile sum models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
T2 vs T1 · all-cause mortality; multivariable-adjusted
0.81
CI 0.71–0.92
T3 vs T1 · all-cause mortality; multivariable-adjusted
0.77
CI 0.64–0.94
T2 vs T1 · cardiovascular (CV) mortality; multivariable-adjusted
0.75
CI 0.61–0.93
- Deaths
- 3010
- CV deaths
- 989
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Dose-response (restricted cubic spline (RCS))
- Negative nonlinear association between n-3 PUFA and mortality
Subgroup interactions
- No significant interactions except BMI
- P for interaction = 0.049
Weighted quantile sum (WQS) analysis
- Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) were the main contributors to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)' benefits against mortality
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
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