Dietary effect on glucose homeostasis is modulated by a loss-of-function variant in the sucrase-isomaltase gene: a randomised, dietary crossover intervention in Inuit
Authors' conclusion
Homozygous loss-of-function SI carriers show better glycaemic management than non-carriers on a Western diet
Study context
- Population
- Greenlandic Inuit aged ≥18 years without gastrointestinal disorders, diabetes or the TBC1D4 high-risk T2D variant, Nuuk and Maniitsoqcompleted
- Comparison
- Western diet vs Greenlandic diet in homozygous sucrase-isomaltase (SI) carriers and non-carriers
- Carriersn = 17
- Non-carriersn = 16reference
- Primary endpoint
- Glucose variability measured as CV
Methodological detailsgenotype-based, open-label (participants and personnel not blinded), two 3 day interventions with 7 day wash-out, Diet order randomised by participants using a dice, Genotype × diet interaction assessed with linear mixed models
- Genotype-based
- Open-label (participants and personnel not blinded)
- Two 3 day interventions with 7 day wash-out
- Diet order randomised by participants using a dice
- Genotype × diet interaction assessed with linear mixed models
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Glucose variability (CV)
β
5.23 %
95% CI 3.02–7.45
Non-carriers
β
1.27 %
95% CI −0.86 to 3.4
Carriers
Further findings
| Outcome | Decrease (pmol/l) (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Fasting insulin decrease with Greenlandic dietNon-carriers; not in carriers | 22.7 (5.1–40.3) | pgenotype×diet=0.009 |
Fasting insulin decrease with Greenlandic diet
- Carriers had lower fasting insulin than non-carriers at baseline
Lipids
- No SI × diet interaction effects on lipid levels
Original publication
Dietary effect on glucose homeostasis is modulated by a loss-of-function variant in the sucrase-isomaltase gene: a randomised, dietary crossover intervention in Inuit. Diabetologia. Published 17 April 2026. doi:10.
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