Decreased Gross Motor, Working Memory, and Adaptive Behavior in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Authors' conclusion
Pediatric patients with CAH due to 21OHD exhibit distinct, age-dependent developmental deficits, with infants and toddlers displaying lower gross motor performance, and children exhibiting decreased auditory working memory and adaptive behavior skills. These findings suggest that early signs of developmental deficits in CAH may emerge at a younger age than previously recognized, emphasizing the role of clinical factors inherent to the disease.
Study context
- Population
- Infants, toddlers and children (0.4–11 yrs) with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD)
- Exposure
- Children with CAH vs normative means
- Infants and toddlersn = 13
- Childrenn = 21
- Outcome
- Development (cognitive, motor, adaptive behavior) vs normative mean
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Infants and toddlers: lower gross motor skills (Bayley-4) vs normative mean
- 27th percentile, 8.2 ± 2.4, p = 0.03
- Children: decreased auditory working memory (WISC-V) vs normative mean
- 27th percentile, 8.2 ± 1.8, p = 0.01
- Children: lower nonverbal learning skills (WRAML-2) vs normative mean
- 21st percentile, 7.6 ± 3.4, p = 0.02
- Children: parent-reported lower adaptive behavior (Vineland-3) vs normative mean
- 30th percentile, 92.2 ± 9.1, p = 0.004
- Children: parent-reported lower overall motor skills vs normative mean
- 26th percentile, 90.3 ± 11.4, p = 0.006
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Decreased Gross Motor, Working Memory, and Adaptive Behavior in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. Horm Res Paediatr. Published 16 February 2026. doi:10.
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