Data-driven subtypes of type 2 diabetes and risk of dementia, stroke, and brain structural changes in the UK Biobank
Authors' conclusion
T2D subtypes show distinct vascular and neurological risks. The obesity-inflammation subtype carries elevated risks of dementia, stroke, mortality, and adverse brain changes.
Study context
- Population
- UK Biobank participants with T2D (mean age 59.8 years); clustering on age at diagnosis, BMI, HbA1c, insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure and C-reactive protein
- Participants
- 14,353 participants
- Exposure
- Data-driven T2D subtypes
- Outcome
- Dementia, stroke and mortality by subtype
Methodological detailsdata-driven clustering (k-means), UK Biobank
- Data-driven clustering (k-means)
- UK Biobank
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs MMDEstimate (95% CI)
SOID
HR (all-cause dementia) 1.24(1.01–1.52)
SOID
HR (vascular dementia) 1.42(1.01–1.99)
SOID
HR (stroke) 1.38(1.14–1.68)
SOID
HR (ischemic stroke) 1.48(1.21–1.82)
SOID
HR (all-cause mortality) 1.59(1.45–1.74)
SOID
HR (cardiovascular death) 1.88(1.59–2.23)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Brain structure (subset)
- SOID showed lower gray matter and greater white matter hyperintensity
Original publication
Data-driven subtypes of type 2 diabetes and risk of dementia, stroke, and brain structural changes in the UK Biobank. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 8 May 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →