Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Diabetes During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors' conclusion
In T1D and T2D, RT-CGM decreased HbA1c and increased time in target range for glycemia (70-180 mg/dL) while decreasing time spent in hypoglycemia (T1D) and time in hyperglycemia (T1D, T2D).
Study context
- Population
- Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in T1D, T2D and diabetes in pregnancy (DiP); PubMed/EMBASE/Cochrane CENTRAL searched until October 202464 RCTs
- Comparison
- RT-CGM or non-RT-CGM vs BGM
- Outcome
- Co-primary: weighted mean change differences (WMCDs and absolute differences) from baseline in HbA1c, TIR%, TBR% and TAR%
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
HbA1c, TIR, TBR, TAR (RT-CGM, T1D)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 71%
- WMCD HbA1c, T1D −0.24 (95% CI −0.35 to −0.14)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 96%
- WMCD TBR <70 mg/dL, T1D −2.41 (95% CI −3.46 to −1.35)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 97%
- WMCD TBR < 54 mg/dL, T1D −1.18 (95% CI −1.9 to −0.47)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 92%
- WMCD TAR >180 mg/dL, T1D −2.99 (95% CI −5.28 to −0.71)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 92%
- WMCD TAR >250 mg/dL, T1D −3.99 (95% CI −5.76 to −2.21)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 84%
- WMCD TIR 70-180 mg/dL, T1D 5.57 (95% CI 4.13–7.01)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 52%
- WMCD HbA1c, T2D −0.40 (95% CI −0.55 to −0.24)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 84%
- WMCD TAR > 180 mg/dL, T2D −6.32 (95% CI −9.87 to −2.78)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 89%
- WMCD TAR > 250 mg/dL, T2D −5.73 (95% CI −8.96 to −2.49)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 69%
- WMCD TIR 70-180 mg/dL, T2D 5.46 (95% CI 2.76–8.16)
- RT-CGM · I2 = 92%
- WMCD TIR 63-140 mg/dL, DiP 17.77 (95% CI 4.17–31.36)
- Non-RT CGM · I2 = 19%
- WMCD HbA1c, T2D −0.35 (95% CI −0.5 to −0.2)
Original publication
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Diabetes During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Diabetes Technol Ther. Published 6 March 2025. doi:10.
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