Contemporary Incidence and Survival of Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors' conclusion
The incidence of lung NENs has increased over 20 years, mostly associated with stage I disease. Prolonged OS was observed after lung NEN diagnosis. Patients with typical lung NET and stage I disease were more likely to die of causes other than lung cancer after 1 and 3 years, respectively. These data are important to direct efforts in care, research, and patient counseling.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with incident lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), Ontario, Canada, 2000–2020; median age 67 years, 56.3% female
- Participants
- 4,479 adults
- Outcome
- Yearly incidence rates of lung NENs; OS; lung cancer-specific deaths (accounting for competing risk of death from other causes)
Methodological detailsData analyzed July to December 2024
- Data analyzed July to December 2024
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incidence of lung NENs · 2000 to 2020
- Typical neuroendocrine tumors (NET) incidence, per 100 000
- 0.51 to 1.09
- Stage I incidence, per 100 000
- 0.68 to 1.18
- 5-year overall survival (OS)
- 50% (95% CI 49%-51%)
- 10-year OS
- 40% (95% CI 39%-41%)
- Cumulative incidence of lung cancer-specific death at 5 years
- 41% (95% CI 40%-42%)
- Cumulative incidence of lung cancer-specific death at 10 years
- 46% (95% CI 45%-47%)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Factors associated with OS and lung cancer-specific death
- Advancing age, lower socioeconomic status, type of lung NEN and advancing stage independently associated with inferior OS
- Advancing age, type of lung NEN and increasing stage independently associated with higher hazards of lung cancer-specific death
- Deaths from other causes exceeded lung cancer-specific deaths from 2 years after diagnosis for typical NET and 3 years for stage I
Original publication
Contemporary Incidence and Survival of Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. JAMA Netw Open. Published 1 October 2025. doi:10.
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