Comparison of Gonadotropin and Testosterone Therapy in Adolescent Males with Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Authors' conclusion
Gonadotropin therapy and TRT were both effective and safe for pubertal induction in adolescent male patients with HH. Using TRT, a steeper increase in serum testosterone levels was achieved, whereas gonadotropin therapy uniquely promoted testicular growth, emphasizing the importance of individualized treatment strategies and long-term follow-up to optimize clinical outcomes and preserve fertility potential.
Study context
- Population
- Male patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) aged <18 years, single tertiary medical center, November 2005–December 2023; evaluated at 6-month intervals for up to 36 months
- Participants
- 70 patients
- Exposure
- Gonadotropin therapy vs TRT for pubertal induction
- Gonadotropinn = 56
- TRTn = 14reference
- Outcome
- Serum testosterone
- Follow-up
- Up to 36 months
Methodological detailssingle-centre, tertiary medical center
- Single-centre
- Tertiary medical center
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
| Group | Value | Baseline |
|---|---|---|
| Gonadotropin | 283.0 ng/dL | 5.2 ng/dL |
| TRT | 527.5 ng/dL | 5.2 ng/dL |
Value
Gonadotropin283.0 ng/dL
TRT527.5 ng/dL
Baseline
Gonadotropin5.2 ng/dL
TRT5.2 ng/dL
- TRT vs Gonadotropin: overall p < 0.05 — greater rise with TRT
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Gonadotropin |
|---|---|
| Sperm detected on semen analysis (after pubertal induction, age ≥19 years) | 72.0% |
| Analysed | 25 |
Height SD scores
- Improved significantly in both groups, without significant intergroup differences
Stretched penile length
- Increased significantly in both groups
Testicular volume
- Increased significantly only in the gonadotropin group
Sperm detected on semen analysis (after pubertal induction, age ≥19 years)
- TRT: 2 patients underwent semen analysis, sperm detected; both received short-term gonadotropin in adulthood before testing
Original publication
Comparison of Gonadotropin and Testosterone Therapy in Adolescent Males with Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism. Horm Res Paediatr. Published 24 December 2025. doi:10.
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