Gonadotropins for pubertal induction in males with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors' conclusion
This systematic review provides convincing evidence of the efficacy of gonadotropins for pubertal induction. However, there remains substantial heterogeneity in treatment choice, dose, duration, and outcomes assessed. Formal guidelines and randomized studies are needed.
Study context
- Population
- Males with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; 21 countries; average age <25 years in 45.6% of studies
- Participants
- 5,328 males103 studies
- Comparison
- Gonadotropin regimens for pubertal induction
- Outcome
- Spermatogenesis rates
Methodological detailsQuality appraisal with Risk of Bias 2.0/ROBINS-I/NHLBI tools, Medline, Embase, Global Health and PsycINFO searched December 2022
- Quality appraisal with Risk of Bias 2.0/ROBINS-I/NHLBI tools
- Medline, Embase, Global Health and PsycINFO searched December 2022
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
- Gonadotropins induced significant increases in testicular volume, penile size and testosterone
- over 98% of analyses
Further pooled results
Gonadotropins used across studies
- Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
- n = 93, 90.3% of studies
- Human menopausal gonadotropin
- n = 42, 40.8%
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- n = 37, 35.9%
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
- 28.2% n = 29
- Median duration of treatment/follow-up
- 18 months (IQR 10.5-24 months)
Original publication
Gonadotropins for pubertal induction in males with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol. Published 21 December 2023. doi:10.
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