Coexisting Asthma and Diabetes Are Associated With Adverse Metabolic and Inflammatory Profiles
Authors' conclusion
Coexisting asthma and diabetes are associated with a substantially greater burden of dysglycaemia, insulin resistance and inflammation than either condition alone. However, formal interaction analyses suggest that these joint effects are not synergistic and instead follow additive or sub-additive patterns.
Study context
- Population
- Non-pregnant US adults aged 20–85 years, NHANES 2015–2020, with complete fasting dataNHANES 2015–2020
- Participants
- 5,295 adults
- Exposure
- Joint asthma-diabetes status: both conditions vs neither condition
- Outcome
- Cardiometabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, both conditions vs neither condition (survey-weighted multivariable linear regression, β)
Methodological detailssurvey-weighted multivariable linear regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioural factors and waist circumference
- Survey-weighted multivariable linear regression
- Adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioural factors and waist circumference
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Both conditions
- β fasting glucose 58.86 mg/dL (95% CI 45.49–72.23)
- Both conditions
- β HbA1c 1.70 % (95% CI 1.38–2.03)
- Both conditions
- β HOMA-IR 5.93 (95% CI 3.43–8.42)
- Both conditions
- β TyG index 0.75 (95% CI 0.56–0.95)
- Both conditions
- β ln(triglycerides) 0.35 (95% CI 0.14–0.56)
- Largest differences for inflammatory markers: ln(hs-CRP) β
- 0.74 (95% CI 0.35-1.12)
- Largest differences for inflammatory markers: hs-CRP β, mg/L
- 6.88 (95% CI 2.08-11.67)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Adjusted predicted means in Both conditions (highest of groups)
- Fasting glucose, mg/dL
- 158.8 (95% CI 144.9-172.8)
- HbA1c, %
- 7.07 (95% CI 6.74-7.41)
Interaction of asthma and diabetes
- Multiplicative interaction, HDL-C (sub-additive)
- P = 0.039
- Multiplicative interaction, SIRI (sub-additive)
- P = 0.003
- No multiplicative interaction for glycaemic or lipid outcomes
- No additive interaction (RERI) significant after multiple-testing correction
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Coexisting Asthma and Diabetes Are Associated With Adverse Metabolic and Inflammatory Profiles. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 26 April 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →