Clinical effectiveness and cost‐impact after 2 years of a ketogenic diet and virtual coaching intervention for patients with diabetes
Authors' conclusion
A virtual coaching intervention with a ketogenic diet component offered modest effects on clinical and cost parameters in people with type 2 diabetes and with obesity or overweight. Health care systems should develop methods to assess participant progress and engagement over time if they adopt such interventions, to ensure continued patient engagement and goal achievement.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T2D who were overweight or obese, enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration; electronic health records 2018–2021
- Participants
- 550 adults
- Exposure
- Virtual coaching and ketogenic diet intervention vs waiting list control
- Outcome
- 24-month changes in clinical outcomes, utilization and costs
- Follow-up
- 24 months
Methodological detailsdifference-in-differences model, waiting list control group
- Difference-in-differences model
- Waiting list control group
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- BMI; SE 0.390
- difference-in-differences −1.56
- Total monthly diabetes medication usage; SE 0.054
- difference-in-differences −0.35
- Per-patient, per-month outpatient spending; SE 97.175
- difference-in-differences -USD286.80
- Per-patient, per-month prescription drug costs; SE 30.332
- difference-in-differences -USD105.40
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Clinical effectiveness and cost‐impact after 2 years of a ketogenic diet and virtual coaching intervention for patients with diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 11 December 2023. doi:10.
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