Changes in Trabecular Bone Score and Their Determinants in Young and Middle-aged Men: A Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors' conclusion
TBS already decreases in young and middle-aged healthy men, corroborating earlier studies showing early decrease of trabecular bone volume and changes in trabecular microarchitecture. Although we identified some potentially contributing determinants, the underlying mechanisms of changes in TBS and trabecular bone in young men are yet to be fully elucidated.
Study context
- Population
- Healthy men aged 25 to 45 years at baseline
- Participants
- 465 men
- Outcome
- Lumbar spine TBS in relation to BTM and sex steroids
Methodological detailslinear mixed-effects modeling
- Linear mixed-effects modeling
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
12.5 years follow-up
- Trabecular bone score (TBS) decline over follow-up
- 1.43% (P < .001)
- Higher baseline BMI predictive of greater TBS decrease
- P = .01
- Higher baseline trunk fat predictive of greater TBS decrease
- P = .02
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Baseline TBS associations
- TBS positively associated with free T
- P = 0.01
- TBS positively associated with free E2 and total E2
- both P < .001
- TBS not associated with total T nor with bone turnover markers (BTM)
Original publication
Changes in Trabecular Bone Score and Their Determinants in Young and Middle-aged Men: A Longitudinal Observational Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 16 August 2025. doi:10.
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