Cardiovascular‐Kidney‐Metabolic Syndrome: Conceptualising an Approach to Health Economic Modelling

Diabetes Obes MetabPublished Conceptual framework development study

Authors' conclusion

As more evidence has become available, the mathematical development, in the near future, of a long-term, holistic and flexible health economic model has become feasible, despite some gaps.

Study context

Outcome
Biological framework and influence diagram of CKM syndrome
Methodological detailsliterature review following best-practice guidelines, iterative expert review, Literature review to identify and connect key biological drivers of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, synthesised into a biological framework and simplified into an influence diagram, Framework and diagram iteratively reviewed and developed based on feedback from clinicians, health economists and modelling specialists
  • Literature review following best-practice guidelines
  • Iterative expert review
  • Literature review to identify and connect key biological drivers of CKM syndrome, synthesised into a biological framework and simplified into an influence diagram
  • Framework and diagram iteratively reviewed and developed based on feedback from clinicians, health economists and modelling specialists

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

  • A biological framework and influence diagram were developed showing how CKM syndrome's biological drivers interconnect and link to key clinical outcomes
  • The proposed framework could inform a model for future health economic evaluation

Original publication

Cardiovascular‐Kidney‐Metabolic Syndrome: Conceptualising an Approach to Health Economic Modelling. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 8 June 2026. doi:10.1111/dom.70976

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