Cardiorenal-metabolic phenotypes and risks of mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
This transparent, rule-based classification summarized differences in recorded mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in T2D but should be interpreted as a descriptive framework rather than a validated prediction tool.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T2D from Hong Kong DM2016
- Participants
- 61,250 adults
- Exposure
- Cardiorenal-metabolic phenotypes vs lower-risk metabolic phenotype
- Outcome
- All-cause and cardiovascular mortality, MI, stroke, HF and AF
Methodological detailspublic dataset, modified Poisson regression
- Public dataset
- Modified Poisson regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs lower-risk metabolicEstimate (95% CI)
Cardiorenal diseaseall-cause mortality (lowest of six outcomes)
adjusted RR 2.59(2.36–2.84)
Cardiorenal diseaseMI (highest of six outcomes)
adjusted RR 9.17(6.50–12.94)
Hypertensive metabolicMI
RR 1.56(1.02–2.39)
Hypertensive metabolicstroke
RR 7.63(5.27–11.06)
Hypertensive metabolicAF
RR 1.76(1.30–2.38)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Cardiorenal-metabolic phenotypes and risks of mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 30 July 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →