Calciprotein crystallization time (T50) and its association with surrogate cardiovascular disease risk markers in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the cross-sectional EARLY-HFpEF study
Authors' conclusion
Low T50 was associated with increased risks of coronary arterial calcification and PAD (measured by ABI ≤ 0.9) in individuals with T2DM, but not with HFpEF, central arterial stiffness and lower-extremity arterial calcification. Further research is warranted to evaluate the additive value of T50 in CVD risk stratification in clinical care.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with T2D (64% men, 67 [63–71] years), EARLY-HFpEF study
- Participants
- 771 individuals
- Exposure
- Lower vs higher T50
- Outcome
- Association of T50 with HFpEF, ankle-brachial index (ABI) (PAD), pulse wave velocity (PWV) (central arterial stiffness) and arterial calcification
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Association of T50 with surrogate cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk markers
- Mean T50 (min)
- 355 ± 55
- Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) prevalence
- 36.6%
- Peripheral artery disease (PAD) prevalence
- 5.8%
- Mean cfPWV (m/s)
- 12.9 ± 2.5
- Median coronary calcification score, Agatston units
- 315 [40-1246]
- Median lower-extremity calcification score, Agatston units
- 791 [64-3820]
- Per 60-min decrease in T50: coronary arterial calcification, highest tertile, OR
- 1.63 [1.15-2.30], p = 0.006
- Per 60-min decrease in T50: lower-extremity arterial calcification, highest tertile, OR
- 1.28 [0.96-1.69], p = 0.088
- T50 ≤ 330 min vs T50 ≥ 390 min: PAD, OR
- 3.04 [1.03-8.94], p = 0.044
- Per 60-min decrease in T50: HFpEF, RR
- 1.02 [0.90-1.17], p = 0.736
- Per 60-min decrease in T50: cfPWV, β
- - 0.08 [ - 0.26-0.10], p = 0.398
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Calciprotein crystallization time (T50) and its association with surrogate cardiovascular disease risk markers in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the cross-sectional EARLY-HFpEF study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 10 December 2025. doi:10.
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