Brain Metastases in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Clinical Features, Treatment Outcomes, and the Role of Radioiodine Therapy
Authors' conclusion
BM from DTC are uncommon but confer poor prognosis. Durable responses were observed with RAI in a selected subset, but no statistically significant survival advantage could be demonstrated.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with histologically confirmed differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and synchronous/metachronous brain metastases (BM)
- Participants
- 44 patients
- Outcome
- Median OS
Methodological detailssingle-institutional
- Single-institutional
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Median overall survival (OS) from DTC diagnosis, entire cohort
61 months
95% CI 21–101
Median OS from BM diagnosis, entire cohort
15 months
95% CI 6–24
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Clinicopathological features · BM diagnosis
- Median age at BM diagnosis
- 52.5 years
- Papillary carcinoma
- 61.4%
- Extracranial metastases (most commonly lungs and bones)
- 79.5%
- Solitary BM
- 61%
- Multiple BM
- 39%
RAI treatment and response
- RAI-avid BM (of evaluated patients)
- 66%
- Median number of RAI treatments
- 4
- Mean cumulative activity
- ≈23.9 GBq
- Complete remission
- 3 patients
- Long-term survivors (> 100 months) among complete remissions
- 2 patients
- Disease control rate with RAI
- 64%
Original publication
Brain Metastases in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Clinical Features, Treatment Outcomes, and the Role of Radioiodine Therapy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Published 8 April 2026. doi:10.
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