Blood pressure and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in older people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: Findings based on the Clinical Practice Research Datalink databases in England
Authors' conclusion
In older adults with T2D and CKD, lower SBP and DBP were moderately associated with a higher risk of MACE and mortality, but the strongest indicator of adverse outcomes was the absence of regular blood pressure monitoring.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged ≥65 with both T2D and chronic kidney disease (CKD), Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), EnglandMajor adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) analysis
- Participants
- 160,764 adults
- Exposure
- Baseline SBP categories: high vs normal vs missing
- Outcome
- MACE:
- Nonfatal stroke
- MI
- Cardiovascular death
- Follow-up
- 5-year
Methodological detailsClinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) data, flexible parametric competing risks models
- Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) data
- Flexible parametric competing risks models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Adjusted 5-year MACE risk by SBP
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
All-cause mortality (5-year risk)
- All-cause mortality (5-year risk): mortality analysis included 181 307
All-cause mortality (5-year risk)
- Lower SBP (120 mmHg) moderately associated with increased mortality; higher DBP (90 mmHg) linked to increased mortality
SBP vs DBP as risk indicator
- SBP was a stronger risk indicator than DBP for both outcomes
Sex differences
- Men had higher MACE and mortality risks than women
Original publication
Blood pressure and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in older people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: Findings based on the Clinical Practice Research Datalink databases in England. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 28 October 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →