Barriers and facilitators of physical activity and exercise among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Singapore – A mixed‐methods sequential explanatory study mapped to the COM ‐B model, theoretical domains framework and behavioural change wheel
Authors' conclusion
This study provides insights into barriers and facilitators to exercise among individuals with T2DM in Singapore, systematically analysed using the COM-B model and TDF. Future interventions could target different components of COM-B and leverage the behavioural change wheel framework to enhance personalization and promote sustainable behavioural change to exercise.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T2DM in Singapore83 with complete data
- Participants
- 100 adults
- Comparison
- Early stages of change vs later stages
- Outcome
- Daily step counts
Methodological detailsPhase I quantitative, Phase II qualitative interviews, mapped to Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour (COM-B) model and theoretical domains framework (TDF), Phase II: 20 participants stratified by stage of change interviewed
- Phase I quantitative
- Phase II qualitative interviews
- Mapped to COM-B model and TDF
- Phase II: 20 participants stratified by stage of change interviewed
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Early stages
5983
mean · SD 2788
Later stages
7667
mean · SD 3299
P = 0.024
- Stages of change: pre-contemplation
- n = 5
- Stages of change: contemplation
- n = 49
- Stages of change: preparation
- n = 2
- Stages of change: action
- n = 3
- Stages of change: maintenance
- n = 24
Further findings
Step test completion rate · significantly lower with early stages
P = 001
- Step test completion rate: 36 completed the step test
Original publication
Barriers and facilitators of physical activity and exercise among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Singapore – A mixed‐methods sequential explanatory study mapped to the COM ‐B model, theoretical domains framework and behavioural change wheel. Diabet Med. Published 10 June 2025. doi:10.
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