Associations of Fasting Glucagon and the Glucagon–Alanine Index With Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Stiffness in Japanese Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
In Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes, higher fasting glucagon and a higher modified GAI were associated with greater imaging-derived liver steatosis. Higher fasting glucagon was also associated with greater liver stiffness.
Study context
- Population
- Japanese individuals with T2D with fasting glucagon measured, KAMOGAWA-DM cohort
- Participants
- 46 individuals
- Exposure
- MASLD vs no MASLD
- MASLDn = 23
- No MASLDn = 23reference
- Outcome
- Fasting glucagon, modified GAI and alanine by MASLD status
Methodological detailsbaseline data from the KAMOGAWA-DM cohort, exploratory ROC analyses
- Baseline data from the KAMOGAWA-DM cohort
- Exploratory ROC analyses
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Fasting glucagon and glucagon-alanine index (GAI) significantly higher in MASLD
- Alanine alone did not differ significantly between groups
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Discrimination of MASLD (exploratory ROC) · exploratory
Sensitivity
Specificity
Correlations with US liver steatosis score and liver stiffness
- Log fasting glucagon and log GAI positively correlated with US liver steatosis score
- Log fasting glucagon positively correlated with liver stiffness
Original publication
Associations of Fasting Glucagon and the Glucagon–Alanine Index With Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Stiffness in Japanese Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 5 June 2026. doi:10.
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