Associations of bolus insulin injection frequency and smart pen engagement with glycaemic control in people living with type 1 diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Glycaemic control was associated with daily bolus insulin injection frequency and smart pen engagement. A treatment regimen combining an optimal bolus injection strategy, and effective smart pen engagement, may improve glycaemic control among adults with T1D.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T1D using a smart pen (NovoPen 6) for bolus insulin (fast-acting insulin aspart or insulin aspart) alongside CGManalysed
- Participants
- 1,194 adults
- Exposure
- Bolus insulin injection frequency and smart pen engagement vs glycaemic control
- Outcome
- Glycaemic control (glucose metrics, TIR 3.9-10.0 mmol/L)
Methodological detailsreal-world data
- Real-world data
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
TIR by daily bolus injection frequency
- Number of daily bolus injections associated with time in range (TIR)
- P < 0.0001
- Estimated chance of >70% TIR with three daily bolus injections on average
- 11%
- Observed mean daily bolus injections vs optimal number for glycaemic targets
- 4.8 injections vs. 6-8 injections
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
- Smart pen engagement significantly associated with improved TIR
Original publication
Associations of bolus insulin injection frequency and smart pen engagement with glycaemic control in people living with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 5 November 2023. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →