Associations of Hysterectomy, Oophorectomy, and Hormone Replacement Therapy With the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Postmenopausal Women
Authors' conclusion
Hysterectomy, regardless of bilateral oophorectomy status, was associated with a higher risk of T2DM. The HRT use, particularly early use in women without surgical interventions, was associated with a high risk. Our findings indicate that female-specific risk factors such as hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy and HRT use should be incorporated into the assessments for potential risk of T2DM in postmenopausal women.
Study context
- Population
- Postmenopausal women without T2D at baseline, UK Biobank
- Participants
- 127,514 women
- Exposure
- Hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) vs none
- Outcome
- Incident T2D (ICD-10 code E11)
Methodological detailsUK Biobank
- UK Biobank
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident T2D
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Hysterectomy alonevs No hysterectomy/bilateral oophorectomy
1.20(1.09–1.32)
Hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomyvs No hysterectomy/bilateral oophorectomy
1.19(1.08–1.32)
HRT historyvs No HRTindependent of other factors
1.08(1.03–1.14)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| HRT and T2D in women without surgical procedures, by ageHRT, age <45 yearsvs No HRTYounger than 45 years | 1.27 (1.14–1.41) | |
| HRT and T2D in women without surgical procedures, by ageHRT, oldervs No HRTOlder | 1.03 (0.96–1.09) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Associations of Hysterectomy, Oophorectomy, and Hormone Replacement Therapy With the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Postmenopausal Women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Published 21 April 2025. doi:10.
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