Associations between impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia and mental health in insulin‐treated type 2 and type 1 diabetes in the Hypo‐ METRICS study
Authors' conclusion
Our data demonstrated associations between IAH and a greater mental health burden in both insulin-treated T2D and T1D. Addressing these mental health challenges should be an important part of the holistic care of people with IAH and insulin-treated diabetes.
Study context
- Population
- People with insulin-treated T2D and T1D in the Hypo-METRICS study325 T2D, 277 T1D · People with insulin-treated T2D 325 · T1D 277
- Exposure
- IAH vs no IAH
- Outcome
- Mental health scores: depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), diabetes distress (PAID), fear of hypoglycaemia (HFS-II [worry])
- Follow-up
- Baseline
Methodological detailsobservational, 10-week, secondary analysis of Hypo-METRICS
- Observational
- 10-week
- Secondary analysis of Hypo-METRICS
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Mental health scores, IAH vs no IAH
- Insulin-treated T2D, unadjusted: higher PHQ-9 with IAH
- 6.4% [1.5%-11.3%]; p = 0.011
- Insulin-treated T2D, unadjusted: higher GAD-7 with IAH
- 7.6% [2.1%-13%]; p = 0.006
- Insulin-treated T2D, unadjusted: higher HFS-II (worry) with IAH
- 7.4% [2.8%-12%]; p = 0.002
- Insulin-treated T2D, unadjusted: no difference in PAID
- p = 0.655
- Insulin-treated T2D, adjusted: higher HFS-II (worry) with IAH only
- 5.3% [0.3%-10.6%]; p = 0.048
- T1D, unadjusted: higher PHQ-9 with IAH
- 6.2% [1.3%-10.8%]; p = 0.012
- T1D, unadjusted: higher GAD-7 with IAH
- 6.1% [0.1%-12.2%]; p = 0.046
- T1D, unadjusted: higher HFS-II (worry) with IAH
- 6.1% [0.06%-11.5%]; p = 0.029
- T1D, unadjusted: no difference in PAID
- p = 0.654
- T1D, adjusted: relationships remained; also higher PAID with IAH
- 8.43% [2.62%-14.24%]; p = 0.005
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Associations between impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia and mental health in insulin‐treated type 2 and type 1 diabetes in the Hypo‐ METRICS study. Diabet Med. Published 23 January 2026. doi:10.
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