Association of prognostic nutritional index with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: NHANES 1999–2018
Authors' conclusion
Lower serum PNI levels were significantly associated with higher all-cause and CVD mortality. These findings suggest that maintaining an appropriate range of serum PNI status may reduce the risk of death in patients with diabetes.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with diabetes, NHANES 1999–2018
- Participants
- 5,916 adults
- Exposure
- Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) quartiles Q2–Q4 vs Q1
- Outcome
- All-cause mortality and CVD mortality
- Follow-up
- Mean 8.17 years
Methodological detailsNHANES 1999–2018, Cox proportional hazards models, multivariate adjustment
- NHANES 1999–2018
- Cox proportional hazards models
- Multivariate adjustment
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
All-cause mortality
Adjusted risk reduction, Q2 vs Q1
24%
Adjusted risk reduction, Q3 vs Q1
38%
Adjusted risk reduction, Q4 vs Q1
28%
Deaths from all causes
1248
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality · mean follow-up 8.17 years
- Adjusted risk reduction, Q2 vs Q1
- 30%
- Adjusted risk reduction, Q3 vs Q1
- 27%
- Adjusted risk reduction, Q4 vs Q1
- 26%
- Deaths from CVD
- 370
- Multivariate adjustment
Subgroup analysis
- Consistent results were observed in the subgroup analysis
Original publication
Association of prognostic nutritional index with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: NHANES 1999–2018. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. Published 21 October 2023. doi:10.
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