Association Between Long-Term Exposure to Environmental Fine Particulate Matter and the Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders: A National Cross-Sectional Study in China
Authors' conclusion
PM2.5 exposure was associated with thyroid disorders among Chinese adults. A dose-response relationship between PM2.5 exposure and autoimmune thyroiditis, as well as thyroglobulin antibody positivity, was also observed.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged ≥18 years across all 31 provinces of China, 2015–2017; residential PM2.5 estimated at 1 × 1 km resolution
- Participants
- 73,900 adults
- Exposure
- Highest vs first quartile of long-term PM2.5 exposure
- Outcome
- Prevalence of thyroid disorders
Methodological detailsnationally representative, 31 provinces
- Nationally representative
- 31 provinces
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Thyroid disorders, highest vs first PM2.5 quartile
Q4 vs Q1Odds ratio (CI)
Overt hypothyroidism
1.23(0.94–1.61)
SCH
1.10(1.01–1.21)
Autoimmune thyroiditis
1.09(1.00–1.18)
Tg antibody positivity
1.17(1.07–1.29)
- No association with overt hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, GD or TPOAb positivity
- P > 0.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Per 10 μg/m³ increase in PM2.5
- Overt hypothyroidism, OR
- 1.05 [1.00-1.11] (CI)
- SCH, OR
- 1.02 [1.00-1.03] (CI)
- Tg antibody positivity, OR
- 1.02 [1.00-1.04] (CI)
- Nearly linear exposure-response with Tg antibody positivity
PM2.5 exposure
- Average long-term exposure (range 17.58–120.40 μg/m³)
- 66.41 μg/m³
Original publication
Association Between Long-Term Exposure to Environmental Fine Particulate Matter and the Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders: A National Cross-Sectional Study in China. Thyroid. Published 30 August 2024. doi:10.
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