Association between the glucose management indicator (GMI)/HbA1c ratio and preclinical carotid atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes: impact of the fast-glycator phenotype across age groups
Main finding · Carotid plaques, by age groupResult — go to the resultOdds ratio 2.27 95% CI 1.06–4.87Authors' conclusion
Fast-glycator phenotype is independently associated with atherosclerosis in T1D individuals aged ≥ 48 years, suggesting an age-related increase in the glycation risk. These findings highlight the potential of the GMI/HbA1c ratio for cardiovascular risk stratification in this population.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with T1D and no prior CVD, recruited from two centres; mean age 48.8 ± 10.7 years, mean diabetes duration 27.5 ± 11.4 years, 54.6% women
- Participants
- 584 individuals
- Exposure
- Fast-glycator phenotype vs others
- Outcome
- Presence of preclinical carotid atherosclerosis (carotid plaques: intima-media thickness ≥ 1.5 mm on standardized US)
Methodological detailstwo centres
- Two centres
Main finding
Carotid plaques, by age group
Odds ratio
2.27
95% CI 1.06–4.87
Fast-glycatorvs Other
OR 2.27 (95% CI 1.06–4.87)
As reported in the abstract
- No significant association in younger subjects
- P for interaction < 0.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Prevalence of carotid plaques
- Carotid plaques present
- 231 (39.6%)
Absolute difference between 14-day GMI and HbA1c
- Difference ≥ 0.5
- 43.7%
- Difference ≥ 1.0
- 13.4%
Original publication
Association between the GMI/HbA1c ratio and preclinical carotid atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes: impact of the fast-glycator phenotype across age groups. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 14 February 2025. doi:10.
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