Anthropometry for predicting cardiometabolic disease risk factors in adolescents
Authors' conclusion
WHR, WC, and BMI percentile are better predictors of cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents than total body fat percentage. Predictive abilities differed by race and ethnicity, highlighting the importance of tailored risk assessment strategies.
Study context
- Population
- Adolescents aged 12–19 years, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018; 51.2% male; 23.7% Hispanic, 13.2% NHB, 51.1% NHW, 12.0% other/multiraceunweighted sample
- Participants
- 1,194 adolescents
- Exposure
- BMI percentile, total body fat %, waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) for predicting cardiometabolic risk factors
- Outcome
- Predictive ability (AUC) for four cardiometabolic risk factors: elevated blood pressure, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol
Methodological detailsNHANES 2017-2018, ROC curve analysis
- NHANES 2017-2018
- ROC curve analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Elevated blood pressure prediction
| Group | AUC |
|---|---|
| WHR | 0.77 |
| WC | 0.77 |
| BMI percentile | 0.73 |
| Total body fat percentage | 0.56 |
AUC
WHR0.77
WC0.77
BMI percentile0.73
Total body fat percentage0.56
- WHR, WC, BMI percentile vs Total body fat percentage: P < 0.001 for all — WHR, WC and BMI percentile outperformed total body fat percentage
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | BMI percentile | Total body fat percentage | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertriglyceridemia predictionBMI percentile vs Total body fat percentage · BMI percentile more accurate | P = 0.02 | ||
| AUC | 0.70 | 0.59 | |
| Low HDL cholesterol predictionBMI percentile vs Total body fat percentage · BMI percentile more accurate | P < 0.001 | ||
| AUC | 0.69 | 0.59 |
Weighted prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors
- Elevated blood pressure
- 2.7%
- Hyperglycemia
- 36.8%
- Hypertriglyceridemia
- 4.8%
- Low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
- 15%
Elevated blood pressure prediction by race and ethnicity
- NHW adolescents: highest AUC (p < 0.01)
- 0.89
- Hispanic and NHB adolescents: AUC for both
- 0.77
Low HDL cholesterol prediction by total body fat percentage, Hispanic vs NHW
- More accurate in Hispanic vs NHW adolescents: AUC (p = 0.04)
- 0.73 vs. 0.58
Original publication
Anthropometry for predicting cardiometabolic disease risk factors in adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring). Published 12 July 2024. doi:10.
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