A matched cohort study evaluating the risks of infections in people with type 1 diabetes and their associations with glycated haemoglobin
Authors' conclusion
Infections are a significant health burden in T1D. Improved glycaemic control may reduce infection risks, while prompter infection treatments may reduce hospital admissions.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T1D in Clinical Practice Research Datalink on 01/01/2015, matched to non-diabetes patients; infections from primary care and linked hospitalisation records 2015–2019matched cohort
- Exposure
- T1D vs no diabetes
- T1Dn = 33,829
- Outcome
- Infections presenting in primary care and hospitalisations for infection (IRR vs non-diabetes)
- Follow-up
- 2015-2019
Methodological detailsage-sex-ethnicity matched (1:2)
- Age-sex-ethnicity matched (1:2)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Infections presenting in primary care
Each group vs non-diabetesEstimate (95% CI)
T1D
IRR 1.81(1.77–1.85)
T1D
IRR (hospitalisations) 3.37(3.21–3.53)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | IRR (hospitalisations) (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| HbA1c mean and variability (CV) and infection risk in T1D (≥3 HbA1c measurements 2012-2014)HbA1c >97 mmol/molvs HbA1c ≤53 mmol/mol | 4.09 (3.64–4.59) | |
| 0.20.5125Incidence rate ratio (hospitalisations) (log scale) |
- HbA1c mean and variability (CV) and infection risk in T1D (≥3 HbA1c measurements 2012-2014): n = 26,096 with T1D
Relative risk by age and ethnicity
- Younger ages and non-White ethnicities had greater relative risks, potentially explained by higher HbA1c mean and variability in T1D within these sub-groups
HbA1c mean and variability (CV) and infection risk in T1D (≥3 HbA1c measurements 2012-2014)
- Both mean HbA1c and greater variability strongly associated with infection risks; greatest associations at the highest mean levels
Original publication
A matched cohort study evaluating the risks of infections in people with type 1 diabetes and their associations with glycated haemoglobin. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 19 November 2023. doi:10.
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