A glucose time in range of 70% attenuates the senescence-inducing and pro-inflammatory effects of hyperglycemia
Authors' conclusion
A TIR above 70% is associated with attenuated pro-senescence and pro-inflammatory effects of hyperglycemia. These molecular results support the TIR target currently recommended by guidelines, especially for people with T1D.
Study context
- Population
- Endothelial cells and monocytes in vitro; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from individuals with early (1-year post-diagnosis) T1Dearly T1D
- Participants
- 37 participants
- Comparison
- Time In Range (TIR) 50%, 70%, 85% vs constant normoglycemia and hyperglycemia (in vitro); TIR < 70% vs > 70% (people with T1D)
- Outcome
- Senescence, inflammation and monocyte adhesion
Methodological detailsin vitro endothelial cells and monocytes, PBMC analysis in early T1D, ANCOVA adjusted for HbA1c
- In vitro endothelial cells and monocytes
- PBMC analysis in early T1D
- ANCOVA adjusted for HbA1c
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Constant hyperglycemia promoted senescence in endothelial cells, inflammatory responses in endothelial cells and monocytes, and monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells
- TIR 70%, but not 50%, suppressed these effects; TIR 85% gave no additional benefit
- Higher PBMC expression of p16, IL-6, MCP-1 and CXCL1 with TIR < 70% vs > 70%, independently of HbA1c
Further findings
Time Above Range (TAR) ≥ vs < 30% (confirmatory analysis)
- Similar results with TAR ≥ vs < 30%
TIR as continuous variable
- TIR values correlated with p16, IL-6 and CXCL1
Original publication
A glucose time in range of 70% attenuates the senescence-inducing and pro-inflammatory effects of hyperglycemia. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 14 November 2025. doi:10.
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