Uterine changes in transgender men receiving testosterone therapy
Authors' conclusion
In the present study, GAHT induced an atrophic condition of the endometrium in two-thirds of the transgender men, with a limited AR expression in the endometrial region. The present results suggest that testosterone-based GAHT for a mean of 5 years is safe in transgender men achieving amenorrhea.
Study context
- Population
- Transgender men receiving testosterone gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) undergoing gender-affirming surgery
- Participants
- 34 men
- Outcome
- Histologic features and immunohistochemical ER, PR and AR expression in endometrium and myometrium
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Atrophic endometrium
- 61.8%
- Proliferative endometrium
- 17.6%
- Secretory endometrium
- 20.6%
- Endometrial epithelial ER expression
- 90%
- Endometrial epithelial progesterone (PR) expression
- 80%
- Endometrial epithelial androgen receptors (AR) expression (lower)
- 30%
- Stromal median ER expression (lower than epithelium)
- 60%
- Stromal median PR expression (lower than epithelium)
- 70%
- Stromal median AR expression (lower than epithelium)
- 25%
- Myometrial PR expression
- 90%
- Myometrial ER expression
- 70%
- Myometrial AR expression (highest AR)
- 65%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Clinical and hormonal characteristics
- Mean age, years (SD 10.00)
- 42.35
- Mean BMI, kg/m² (SD 5.52)
- 28.16
- Mean GAHT duration before surgery, years (SD 3.24)
- 5.36
- Mean testosterone, ng/dL (SD 407.13)
- 814.98
- Mean estradiol, pg/mL (SD 25.27)
- 55.22
Original publication
Uterine changes in transgender men receiving testosterone therapy. Eur J Endocrinol. Published 25 July 2024. doi:10.
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