Patients with type 1 diabetes are at elevated risk of developing new hypertension, chronic kidney disease and diabetic ketoacidosis after COVID ‐19: Up to 40 months’ follow‐up
Authors' conclusion
T1D patients with COVID-19 are at higher risk of developing new HTN, CKD and DKA compared to T1D patients without COVID-19.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T1D, Montefiore Health System, Bronx (1 March 2020 to 1 July 2023)
- Participants
- 511 / 306 / 1,547
- Exposure
- T1D with COVID-19 vs T1D without COVID-19
- H-COVID-19n = 511
- NH-COVID-19n = 306
- non-COVID-19n = 1,547reference
- Outcome
- New incidence of hypertension (HTN), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Follow-up
- Up to 40 months post-infection
Methodological detailssingle health system, adjusted for competing risks
- Single health system
- Adjusted for competing risks
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
New HTN · up to 40 months
Each group vs non-COVID-19Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)P value
H-COVID-19unadjusted incidence p < 0.001
7.55(3.33–17.06)
P < 0.001NH-COVID-19unadjusted incidence p = 0.004
5.08(2.19–11.78)
P < 0.001Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | H-COVID-19 | NH-COVID-19 | non-COVID-19 | aHR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New CKD · up to 40 monthsH-COVID-19vs non-COVID-19Unadjusted incidence p < 0.001 | 11.41% | 7.69% | 1.14% | 9.76 (4.248–22.25) | P < 0.001 | |
| New CKD · up to 40 monthsNH-COVID-19vs non-COVID-19Unadjusted incidence p < 0.001 | 6.54 (2.91–14.67) | P < 0.001 | ||||
| New DKA · up to 40 monthsH-COVID-19vs non-COVID-19Unadjusted incidence p < 0.001 | 4.09% | 3.06% | 1.06% | 12.24 (4.09–36.59) | P < 0.001 | |
| New DKA · up to 40 monthsNH-COVID-19vs non-COVID-19Unadjusted incidence p = 0.035 | 12.94 (4.09–40.89) | P < 0.001 | ||||
| 0.050.21520Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Patients with type 1 diabetes are at elevated risk of developing new hypertension, chronic kidney disease and diabetic ketoacidosis after COVID ‐19: Up to 40 months’ follow‐up. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 2 September 2024. doi:10.
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