Time-varying association of acute and post-acute COVID-19 with new-onset diabetes mellitus among hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients
Authors' conclusion
Acute and post-acute COVID-19 were associated with new DM only among hospitalized patients, with the highest risk among those hospitalized with severe disease. Those patients should be followed and monitored post-discharge for new DM. Patients who were not hospitalized did not have higher risk of new-onset DM.
Study context
- Population
- Patients aged ≥25 years with COVID-19 diagnosed between March 01, 2020 and August 31, 2021 (non-hospitalized, hospitalized, severe hospitalized) and matched individuals without COVID-19matched cohort
- Exposure
- COVID-19 vs no COVID-19, separately for non-hospitalized, hospitalized and severe hospitalized patients
- COVID-19n = 157,936
- Outcome
- New-onset DM
- Follow-up
- Mean 10.9 months
Methodological detailsmatched cohort, stratified Cox proportional hazards models, landmark analyses at diagnosis and 1, 2, 3 and 4 months
- Matched cohort
- Stratified Cox proportional hazards models
- Landmark analyses at diagnosis and 1, 2, 3 and 4 months
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
New DM diagnoses
P = 0.004
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| New DM, hospitalized COVID-19vs no COVID-19 · acute phase | 2.47 (1.86–3.29) | |
| New DM, hospitalized COVID-19vs no COVID-19 · 4-month landmark | 1.60 (1.12–2.29) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
New diabetes mellitus (DM), hospitalized COVID-19 vs no COVID-19 · acute phase
- Highest risk among severe hospitalized patients
New DM, hospitalized COVID-19 vs no COVID-19 · 4-month landmark
- Risk attenuated over time but remained significant
New DM, non-hospitalized COVID-19 vs no COVID-19 · acute phase and afterward
- Non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 not at higher risk of new DM during the acute phase or afterward
Original publication
Time-varying association of acute and post-acute COVID-19 with new-onset diabetes mellitus among hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. Published 20 January 2023. doi:10.
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