The role of diabetes mellitus on delirium onset: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors' conclusion
The incidence of delirium in patients with diabetes is about 29% and patients with diabetes have higher odds of delirium. Chronic use of metformin, and intranasal insulin administration before surgery may offer benefits in the prevention of delirium. These findings are characterized by significant heterogeneity which hampers their interpretation. Future research for developing diabetes-specific delirium screening protocols, and evidence-based preventive interventions is needed.
Study context
- Population
- Studies reporting delirium incidence in diabetic patients, delirium in diabetic vs non-diabetic patients, or role of antidiabetic drugs on delirium; MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov to 30 Dec 2024
- Comparison
- DM vs no DM; intranasal insulin vs placebo; metformin vs no metformin
- Outcome
- Incidence of delirium among DM patients
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Pooled incidence of delirium among DM patients
Pooled incidence of delirium
29%
95% CI 26.0%–33.0%; I2 = 99.6%
Further pooled results
| Outcome | Estimate | |
|---|---|---|
| Odds of delirium, DMvs non-diabetici2 = 88.3% | OR 1.78 (95% CI 1.59–1.99) | |
| Delirium, intranasal insulinvs placebo | RR 0.34 (95% CI 0.23–0.52) | |
| Delirium, metforminvs non-metformin use in DMI2 = 84.8% | pooled RR 0.71 (95% CI 0.59–0.85) | |
| 0.20.5125Ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
The role of diabetes mellitus on delirium onset: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 19 May 2025. doi:10.
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