The impact of COVID-19 illness on metabolic phenotypes underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review
Authors' conclusion
COVID-19 was associated with worsened insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, suggesting infection may be a metabolic stressor that overwhelms gluco-regulatory mechanisms.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with no history of T2D; studies published December 2019–May 2024 (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase)10 studies
- Comparison
- COVID-19 exposed vs controls
- Outcome
- Development of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
Methodological detailsrisk of bias assessed with adapted Newcastle-Ottawa and Joanna Briggs Institute scales, 6901 studies screened; 10 met inclusion criteria
- Risk of bias assessed with adapted Newcastle-Ottawa and Joanna Briggs Institute scales
- 6901 studies screened; 10 met inclusion criteria
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Insulin resistance worsened significantly with COVID-19 vs controls (comparisons)
16 of 25
64.0%
Beta-cell dysfunction worsened significantly with COVID-19 vs controls (measures)
7 of 12
58.3%
Further pooled results
- Studies at low risk of bias
- 5
Original publication
The impact of COVID-19 illness on metabolic phenotypes underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 26 February 2026. doi:10.
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